Nicaragua Visitor Guide

NICARAGUA LOCATION AND POPULATION: Nicaragua is Central America's largest country at 130,000 km2. It is bordered by Honduras and the Gulf of Fonseca in the north, Costa Rica in the south, the Caribbean Sea in the east and the Pacific Ocean in the west. Nicaragua is home to just over 5 million people, making it the least densely populated country in Central America.

NICARAGUA GEOGRAPHY: The Pacific basin is blessed with a spine of more than 50 volcanoes that run from the northern Pacific Gulf of Fonseca, south into Lake Nicaragua. 7 of these are active and 14 sport crater lakes. The Pacific basin is separated from the central and northern mountains and eastern rain forests by Central America's two biggest lakes: Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua. Lake Nicaragua is the 2nd largest in Latin America at 8,264 km2 and is home to over 450 volcanic origin islands, including the world's largest volcanic lake island, Isla Ometepe and 5 distinct archipelagos. Lake Nicaragua's western-most point is only 18 km from the Pacific Ocean, but drains into the Caribbean Sea by means of the San Juan River's 190 km length. 10% of Nicaragua is covered by lakes, rivers and lagoons, 35% is covered in forests. The remaining 55% is a mixture of grazing and farm lands with scattered villages and cities. Please see our "Country Information" page for more details on Nicaragua's nature reserves, colonial cities, villages, beaches and volcanoes.

VISITING NICARAGUA - THE NICARAGUA TRAVEL EXPERIENCE: Nicaragua is a unique destination in that is has all the classic flora and fauna that attracts visitors to the tropics, yet to simply view Nicaragua as an ecotourism travel destination is to ignore many of the pleasures that make visiting Nicaragua so enjoyable. Travel to Nicaragua is much more than nature, with Nicaragua culture being as rich as it is and its food being the best in Central America, a visit to Nicaragua is a complete travel experience. While visiting Nicaragua it would be a pity not to try some of the local foods and our guides are very useful in this regard, with so many travelers to Nicaragua being timid at the table, our guides can help the traveler to Nicaragua get the best out of the Nicaragua kitchen. What many visitors to Nicaragua do not realize is that the heavy sauces and spices used by many of the world's cuisines are actually a mask for ingredients which are, well, a bit less than fresh. This means, for some anyway, visiting Nicaragua is like learning to taste again, without smashing flavors, rather the subtle beauty of fresh ingredients, enjoyed with very little spices or sauces. Those visiting Nicaragua who are accustomed to having their taste buds blasted by garlic or chile peppers can still find garlic and hot sauces in Nicaragua, but to drown fresh caught fish, range beef or chicken and vine ripened veggies in garlic or other strong sauces is really an opportunity missed. We invite those who travel to Nicaragua to savor the subtle beauty of the Nicaraguan kitchen. We do not suggest that you won't ever encounter a plate that has gone over the line with salt or a fruit drink that has been mixed too sweet, and that is where our guide needs to help, to avoid those misses. The net result for visitors is that most of the time you can really taste the food here, and that might not be such a bad thing.

NICARAGUA CLIMATE: Nicaragua enjoys an average temperature of 27°C (80°F) year round. Humidity averages 65%. There are two seasons, green and dry. The green season is from mid-May to mid-November, the dry season from late-November to early-May. Rain during the green season is normally limited to short and powerful bursts with longer showers at night. The hottest time of year is at the end of the dry season, from March to May, while the coolest period is from October to January. The most pleasant and beautiful time to visit Nicaragua is from June to January, unless visiting the San Juan River and Solentiname rain forest area, when the months of July, August and the period from December to March are best.

INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS TO NICARAGUA: Managua International Airport has the most modern facilities in Central America with a complete terminal remodel finished in 2007. Five international airline carriers fly into Managua International Airport: Two Central American carriers and three North American carriers.

• American Airlines 2 daily non-stops from Miami
• Delta Airlines 1 daily non-stop from Atlanta
• Continental Airlines 1 daily non-stop from Houston
• TACA Airlines 3 daily non-stops from El Salvador
• COPA Airlines 1 daily non-stop from Houston, Guatemala and Panama

Other options include non-stop flights to neighboring countries and then a 30 minute connecting flight to Managua. One example is TACA which flies non-stop daily to El Salvador from Los Angeles. There are also non-stops to San José, Costa Rica from both the USA and Europe that connect to short flights to Managua.

The most advantageous flight schedules for getting extra touring time inside Nicaragua are American Airlines' early afternoon non-stop and the COPA and TACA morning arrivals after connecting flights. To fly from Europe to Nicaragua without going through Miami a non-stop to San José, Costa Rica can be used with connecting flight to Managua or flights through Caracas, Venezuela. Iberia also offers non-stops from Madrid to Guatemala and Costa Rica that connect to Nicaragua.

FLIGHT TICKETS TO NICARAGUA: Tours Nicaragua is a tour operator and outfitter and does not sell international flight tickets. We do provide local flights inside Nicaragua, but international flight tickets to Nicaragua must be purchased in your country of origin from a travel agent or airline company.

NICARAGUA CURRENCY: The Nicaraguan monetary unit is the córdoba. Current exchange rate is 20 cordobas to 1 US dollar. The US dollar is also accepted at most hotels and restaurants. Keep in mind that you will receive change in cordobas. Small denomination notes are very useful for your arrival to Nicaragua. Visa, MasterCard and American Express cards are widely accepted. Automated teller machines are common in Managua, Granada and Leon, less so outside of the major cities, so you should use them when you are in those towns. San Juan del Sur also has two ATM's. Travelers' checks can be changed in Managua only and are therefore not recommended. Euros and other foreign currencies can not be changed in Nicaragua. The Costa Rican colón can only be changed inside Costa Rica and at the land or river border crossings with Nicaragua.

PASSPORT AND VISA REQUIREMENTS FOR NICARAGUA: Visitors to Nicaragua must have at least 6 months of validity remaining on their passport and a return flight ticket to country of origin. Visas are not required for citizens of most countries, including those of Western Europe, Canada and the USA. Only citizens of the following countries must obtain visas to enter Nicaragua: Afghanistan, Albania, Angola, Armenia, Bosnia, Cameroon, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Egypt, Ghana, Haiti, India, Iraq, Iran, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Libya, Mali, Mozambique, Nepal, Nigeria, Pakistan, Palestine, Peru, Dominican Republic, China, North Korea, Romania, Sierra Leon, Syria, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Somalia, Ukraine, Vietnam, Yemen and Yugoslavia. If your country's name is not on this list you do not need a visa to visit Nicaragua.

PHYSICALLY CHALLENGED TRAVELERS: Nicaragua has few built-in conveniences for disabled persons, however things are gradually improving and all visitors find the Nicaraguans to be a very helpful people. Tours Nicaragua offers only private tours and welcomes visitors who face physical challenges traveling. Tours Nicaragua gives special care and attention to see that all of our visitors are able to enjoy the beauty of Nicaragua's people and nature.

TAXES AND TIPS: Airport entrance tax for visitors to Nicaragua is US$5.00 and airport exit tax is US$32.00. Note that the exit tax is now included by most airlines in ticket cost, please check with your carrier. Land border taxes range from US$5-8 depending on crossing and time of day. A 10% tip is included in most bills at restaurants, it is not mandatory to pay. Sales tax (IVA) in Nicaragua is mandatory and 15% including hotels. All of Tours Nicaragua's tour packages include hotel taxes and food tax and tips when meals are included in the program.

BUSINESS HOURS: Tours Nicaragua's customer service office is open Monday through Friday 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., though our operational staff is works 24/7 and that includes holidays. All tours are backed up by office staff on call and guides

NICARAGUA TIME: Nicaragua is on the same time as Central Standard Time (Chicago) in the USA. During daylight savings time in the USA and Europe, Nicaragua is effectively on Mountain Standard Time (Denver) in the USA.

ELECTRICAL CURRENT: 110 volts, standard American plugs are used.

PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO: In Nicaragua an extremely limited range of photography and video products are available. We strongly recommend stocking up on all supplies if you will photograph or video tape during your visit. Batteries that are not standard radio batteries are nearly impossible or completely unavailable in Nicaragua, please buy fresh batteries and have spares for your visit.

NICARAGUA SAFETY
International travelers are often surprised to learn that the United Nations ranks Nicaragua as one of the safest countries in Latin America. Many of our customers have related to us that before their visit to Nicaragua they were shown concern by family or friends about safety issues in Nicaragua. The easiest way to diminish negative feelings about Nicaragua is to visit and see for yourself. Since you are viewing this site you may soon have that pleasure.

In the past we have included crime stats to show the possible visitor to Nicaragua how it shapes up in comparison with other countries of the region (while highlighting the basis for Nicaragua's high safety ranking by the UN). However, common crime appears not to be the central issue for those considering a visit to Nicaragua. What seems to worry most potential travelers to Nicaragua is not crime, but war. Incredibly some seem to believe Nicaragua is still at war, a bit surprising, since the Contra conflict ended over 19 years ago. But good news is no news, so after achieving peace, Nicaragua vanished completely from the world news radar.

That said, there is no debate on Nicaragua's current status as a nation at peace. The 2009 "Global Peace Index" which ranks 144 countries in the world ranked Nicaragua the 5th most peaceful country in Latin America. The non-profit that does the study bases their ranking on dozens of criteria and many are economic in nature. However, even with the lack of material wealth in Nicaragua (considered the second poorest nation in the hemisphere), the Global Peace Index has Nicaragua listed as the 5th most peaceful country in all of Latin America, ahead of Latin American economic powerhouses like Argentina. To see for yourself copy and paste this URL into your browser and scroll down to the Latin American peace rankings. http://www.visionofhumanity.org/gpi/results/regional-split.php

To be doubly safe, common sense precautions should be taken for visitors to Nicaragua, as in any country in the world. What occasionaly gets independent travelers in trouble is just being new to Latin America, not knowing what places to avoid and how countries like Nicaragua work. One easy solution is travel with experienced professionals, like our team of drivers and guides on a trip planned by our office. For those that would rather go it alone, we should point out that visitors who are competent in Spanish and have studied a couple of up-to-date Nicaragua guide books (Moon and Footprint publish the two best) can navigate Nicaragua safely by using these and other common sense precautions. Managua, León and Granada have some barrios one would best avoid entirely and there are a select group of con artists here who prey on the gullible budget traveler, not to mention public bus and taxi crooks who could not care the least if you are native or not. However, few visitors to Nicaragua can claim their home country is crime free, so perspective is key. Common sense precautions and decent language skills are a must for independent travelers coming to Nicaragua for the first time. Avoid night walks alone and keep your valuables in your hotel room safe. Make a back-up photocopy of your passport and tourist card (which you receive for US$5 at immigration). Keep the photocopies on you and the originals in the hotel.

Naturally if you decide to visit Nicaragua with Tours Nicaragua, you benefit immensely from our 13 years of tour operator experience. You take advantage of the country's finest hotels, our private tours and transfers conducted in un-branded vehicles, with a calm, professional native driver behind the wheel and one of our experienced and knowledgeable English speaking guides at your side.